Science & Math Calculators

Yes — all physics calculators use SI units (metres, kilograms, seconds, Newtons, Joules, Watts, Pascals) by default. Common alternatives (miles, PSI, horsepower) shown as conversions. Formulas cited to NIST guidelines.

Appropriate for educational and planning purposes. For safety-critical laboratory work, verify with certified methods. We use IUPAC-standard definitions and 2021 atomic masses.

Standard formulas: sample standard deviation (Bessel's correction ÷n-1), 95% CI using z=1.960, IQR with Tukey fences (1.5×IQR), linear interpolation for quartiles — consistent with university-level statistics textbooks.